Medium

Shortest Path with Alternating ColorsC++

Full explanation · Time O(n + e) · Space O(n + e)

// Time:  O(n + e), e is the number of red and blue edges
// Space: O(n + e)

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> shortestAlternatingPaths(int n, vector<vector<int>>& red_edges, vector<vector<int>>& blue_edges) {
        vector<vector<unordered_set<int>>> neighbors(n, vector<unordered_set<int>>(2));
        for (const auto& edge : red_edges) {
            neighbors[edge[0]][0].emplace(edge[1]);
        }
        for (const auto& edge : blue_edges) {
            neighbors[edge[0]][1].emplace(edge[1]);
        }
        const auto& INF = max(2 * n - 3, 0) + 1;
        vector<vector<int>> dist(n, vector<int>(2, INF));
        dist[0] = {0, 0};
        queue<pair<int, int>> q({{0, 0}, {0, 1}});
        while (!q.empty()) {
            int i, c;
            tie(i, c) = q.front(); q.pop();
            for (const auto& j : neighbors[i][c]) {
                if (dist[j][c] != INF) {
                    continue;
                }
                dist[j][c] = dist[i][1 ^ c] + 1;
                q.emplace(j, 1 ^ c);
            }
        }
        vector<int> result;
        for (const auto& d : dist) {
            const auto& x = *min_element(d.cbegin(), d.cend());
            result.emplace_back((x != INF) ? x : -1);
        }
        return result;
    }
};