Medium
Cyclically Rotating a Grid — C++
Full explanation · Time O(m * n) · Space O(1)
// Time: O(m * n)
// Space: O(1)
// inplace rotation
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int>> rotateGrid(vector<vector<int>>& grid, int k) {
int m = size(grid), n = size(grid[0]);
const int count = min(m, n) / 2;
for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i, m -= 2, n -= 2) {
const int total = 2 * ((m - 1) + (n - 1));
const int nk = k % total;
const int num_cycles = gcd(total, nk);
const int cycle_len = total / num_cycles;
for (int offset = 0; offset < num_cycles; ++offset) {
const auto& [r, c] = getIndex(m, n, offset);
for (int j = 1; j < cycle_len; ++j) {
const auto& [nr, nc] = getIndex(m, n, (offset + j * nk) % total);
swap(grid[i + nr][i + nc], grid[i + r][i + c]);
}
}
}
return grid;
}
private:
pair<int, int> getIndex(int m, int n, int l) {
if (l < m - 1) {
return {l, 0};
}
if (l < (m - 1) + (n - 1)) {
return {m - 1, l - (m - 1)};
}
if (l < (m - 1) + (n - 1) + (m - 1)) {
return {(m - 1) - (l - ((m - 1) + (n - 1))), n - 1};
}
return {0, (n - 1) - (l - ((m - 1) + (n - 1) + (m - 1)))};
}
};
// Time: O(m * n)
// Space: O(1)
// inplace rotation
class Solution2 {
public:
vector<vector<int>> rotateGrid(vector<vector<int>>& grid, int k) {
int m = size(grid), n = size(grid[0]);
const int count = min(m, n) / 2;
for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i, m -= 2, n -= 2) {
const int total = 2 * ((m - 1) + (n - 1));
const int nk = k % total;
reverse(&grid, m, n, i, 0, total - 1);
reverse(&grid, m, n, i, 0, nk - 1);
reverse(&grid, m, n, i, nk, total - 1);
}
return grid;
}
private:
void reverse(vector<vector<int>> *grid,
int m, int n, int i,
int left, int right) {
for (; left < right; ++left, --right) {
auto [lr, lc] = getIndex(m, n, left);
auto [rr, rc] = getIndex(m, n, right);
swap((*grid)[i + lr][i + lc], (*grid)[i + rr][i + rc]);
}
}
pair<int, int> getIndex(int m, int n, int l) {
if (l < m - 1) {
return {l, 0};
}
if (l < (m - 1) + (n - 1)) {
return {m - 1, l - (m - 1)};
}
if (l < (m - 1) + (n - 1) + (m - 1)) {
return {(m - 1) - (l - ((m - 1) + (n - 1))), n - 1};
}
return {0, (n - 1) - (l - ((m - 1) + (n - 1) + (m - 1)))};
}
};