Hard
Building H2O — C++
Full explanation · Time O(n) · Space O(1)
// Time: O(n)
// Space: O(1)
class H2O {
public:
H2O() {
}
void hydrogen(function<void()> releaseHydrogen) {
unique_lock<mutex> l(m_);
releaseHydrogen_ = releaseHydrogen;
++nH_;
output();
}
void oxygen(function<void()> releaseOxygen) {
unique_lock<mutex> l(m_);
releaseOxygen_ = releaseOxygen;
++nO_;
output();
}
private:
void output() {
while (nH_ >= 2 && nO_ >= 1) {
nH_ -= 2;
nO_ -= 1;
releaseHydrogen_();
releaseHydrogen_();
releaseOxygen_();
}
}
int nH_ = 0;
int nO_ = 0;
function<void()> releaseHydrogen_ = nullptr;
function<void()> releaseOxygen_ = nullptr;
mutex m_;
};
// Time: O(n)
// Space: O(1)
class H2O2 {
public:
H2O2() {
}
void hydrogen(function<void()> releaseHydrogen) {
{
unique_lock<mutex> l(m_);
cv_.wait(l, [this]() { return (nH_ + 1) - 2 * nO_ <= 2; });
++nH_;
// releaseHydrogen() outputs "H". Do not change or remove this line.
releaseHydrogen();
}
cv_.notify_all();
}
void oxygen(function<void()> releaseOxygen) {
{
unique_lock<mutex> l(m_);
cv_.wait(l, [this]() { return 2 * (nO_ + 1) - nH_ <= 2; });
++nO_;
// releaseOxygen() outputs "O". Do not change or remove this line.
releaseOxygen();
}
cv_.notify_all();
}
private:
int nH_ = 0;
int nO_ = 0;
mutex m_;
condition_variable cv_;
};
// Time: O(n)
// Space: O(1)
// this is much like single thread execution
class H2O3 {
public:
H2O3(): curr_(2) {
m2_.lock();
}
void hydrogen(function<void()> releaseHydrogen) {
m1_.lock();
// releaseHydrogen() outputs "H". Do not change or remove this line.
releaseHydrogen();
if (--curr_) {
m1_.unlock();
} else {
m2_.unlock();
}
}
void oxygen(function<void()> releaseOxygen) {
m2_.lock();
// releaseOxygen() outputs "O". Do not change or remove this line.
releaseOxygen();
curr_ = 2;
m1_.unlock();
}
private:
int curr_ = 0;
mutex m1_, m2_;
};